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Thelema
Part 1
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Thelema
Part 1
Thelema Part 2
The following
notes on Thelemic theology are based primarily on the
writings of Aleister Crowley. These notes are not intended
as interpretations or commentary on "The
Book of the Law" outside the bounds of the Prophet's
writings, nor do they represent a definitive statement
of Thelemic belief.
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The religion
known as Thelema (Greek for will) was founded in 1904
when the English poet and mystic Aleister
Crowley (October 12, 1875 - December 1, 1947), who
is regarded as its prophet, received "The Book of
the Law." Those
who follow the path of Thelema are known as Thelemites.
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The
theology of Thelema postulates all manifested existence
arising from the interaction of two cosmic principles:
the infinitely extended, all-pervading space-time Continuum;
and the atomic, individually expressed Principle of Life
and Wisdom. The interplay of these Principles gives rise
to the Principle of Consciousness, which governs existence.
In "The Book of the Law," these divine
Principles are personified by a trinity of ancient Egyptian
Divinities: Nuit, the Goddess of Infinite Space; Hadit,
the Winged Serpent of Light; and Ra-Hoor-Khuit (Horus),
the Solar, Hawk-Headed Lord of the Cosmos.
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The Thelemic theological system utilizes the divinities
of various cultures and religions as personifications of
specific divine, archetypal and cosmic forces. Thelemic
doctrine holds that all the diverse religions of humanity
are grounded in universal truths; and the study of
comparative religion is an important discipline for
many Thelemites.
With respect
to concepts of the individual soul, Thelema follows traditional
Hermeticism in the doctrine that each person possesses
a soul or "Body of Light" which
is arranged in "layers" or "sheaths" surrounding
the physical body. Each individual is also considered to
have his or her own personal "Augoeides" or "Holy
Guardian Angel;" which can be considered both as the "higher
self" and as a separate, sentient, divine being.
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With respect
to concepts of the afterlife, life itself is considered
as a continuum, with death an integral part of the
whole. Mortal life dies in order that mortal life may
continue. The Augoeides, however, is immortal, and
not subject to life or death. Parallel to Buddhist
doctrine, the Body of Light is considered to be subject
to metempsychosis, or reincarnation, after the death
of the body. The Body of Light is generally considered
to evolve in wisdom, consciousness and spiritual power
through cycles of metempsychosis, for those individuals
who dedicate their lives to spiritual advancement to
the point that its fate after death may ultimately
be determined by the Will of the individual.
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Thelema
incorporates the idea of the cyclic evolution of Cultural
Consciousness as well as of Personal Consciousness.
History is considered to be divided into a series of "Aeons",
each with its own dominant concept of divinity and its
own "formula" of
redemption and advancement. The current Aeon is
termed the Aeon of Horus. The previous Aeon
was that of Osiris, and previous to that was the
Aeon of Isis.
The Neolithic Aeon of Isis is considered
to have been dominated by the maternal idea of divinity,
and its formula involved devotion to Mother Earth in
return for the nourishment and shelter She provided.
The Classical/Medieval Aeon of Osiris is considered to
have been dominated by the Paternal Principle, and its
formula was that of self-sacrifice and submission to
the Father God. The modern Aeon of Horus is considered
to be dominated by the Principle of the Child, the sovereign
individual; and its formula is that of growth, in consciousness
and love, towards self-realization.
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According
to Thelemic doctrine, the expression of Divine Law
in the Aeon of Horus is "Do what thou wilt." This "Law
of Thelema," as it is called, is not to be interpreted
as a license to indulge every passing whim. But rather
as the divine mandate to discover one's True Will or
true purpose in life, and to accomplish it, leaving others
to do the same in their own unique ways.
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The "acceptance" of
the Law of Thelema is what defines a Thelemite; and
the discovery and accomplishment of the True Will is
the fundamental concern of all Thelemites. Achieving
the "Knowledge and Conversation of the Holy
Guardian Angel" is considered an integral part of
this process.
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The methods
and practices to be employed in this process are numerous
and varied; and are grouped together under the generalized
term "Magick." Not every Thelemite
utilizes all the practices available, there is considerable
room for each individual practitioner to choose practices
which are suitable to his or her individual needs. Some
of these practices are the same as, or similar to,
the practices advocated by many of the great religions
of the past and present, such as: prayer, meditation,
study of religious texts, tenets and practices (those
of Thelema and of other religions as well), chanting,
symbolic and initiatory ritual, devotional exercises,
self-discipline, etc. However, some of the practices
have been traditionally associated with what has generally
been known as "occultism," i.e.,
astrology, divination, numerology, yoga, tantric alchemy,
and discourse with "angels" or "spirits." These
are taken by Thelemites as potentially effective means
for obtaining spiritual insights into the nature of one's
being and one's place in the universe; and for the fulfillment
of such insights through harmonious, evolutionary works.
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Thelema
considers any action which is not directed towards
the discovery and accomplishment of the True Will to
be "black
magic." This includes acts of interference
with any other individual's lawful exercise of their
right to discover and accomplish their own True Will.
Thelemic doctrine holds that the disharmony and imbalance
created by such actions results in a compensatory, equilibration
response from the universe; a doctrine similar to that
of the eastern conception of "Karma." Thelema
has no direct parallel to the Judeo-Christian concept
of the devil or Satan; however, a pseudo-personification
of confusion, distraction, illusion and egotistical ignorance
is referred to by the name "Choronzon".
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Holy
Days/Festivals
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The official holy days of Thelema are set forth in The
Book of the Law, Chapter II, verses 36-41. The specific
dates attributed to them are given in Crowley's commentaries,
and are summarized below:
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The Rituals of the Elements and Feasts of the Times are
observed at the Equinoxes and Solstices.
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The
Feast for the First Night of the Prophet and His
Bride is observed on August 12.
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The
Feast for the Three days of the Writing of the Book
of the Law is observed on April 8, 9, and 10,
beginning at noon on each day.
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The
Feast for the Supreme Ritual (the Invocation
of Horus) is observed on March 20, and represents the
opening of the Thelemic New Year.
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The
Feast for the Equinox of the Gods is held
on the Vernal Equinox of each year to commemorate the
founding of Thelema in 1904.
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Three points
of passage in the life of each Thelemite are observed.
Birth is celebrated in a Feast for Life; puberty is
celebrated in a Feast for Fire (for a boy), or a Feast
for Water (for a girl); and the death of the individual
is commemorated in a Greater Feast for Death.
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Various anniversaries commemorating major events and
figures in the history of Thelema and Ordo Templi
Orientis (OTO) are also celebrated informally by
some Thelemic groups.
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Private
Worship
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Nearly all Thelemites keep a record of their personal
practices, (i.e. meditation, prayer, ritual, ceremony,
etc.) and their progress therein, in a "Magical
Diary." Most Thelemites
also practice a particular form of prayer four times per
day, which is specified in a book called "Liber
Resh vel Helios." Thelemites often take mystic names
or "magical mottoes" for themselves as a sign
of commitment; and customarily greet each other with the
phrase, "Do
what thou wilt shall be the whole of the Law;" to
which the customary response is, "Love is the law,
love under will." Sometimes these phrases are abbreviated
by the simple statement of the number "ninety-three" (93),
which number signifies both "Will" and "Love" through
a particular form of numerology of significance within Thelema.
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Corporate Worship
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Ordo Templi Orientis (OTO) is an Initiate Body composed
of men and women who have accepted the principles of "The
Book of the Law." The central celebratory rite of
Ordo Templi Orientis (OTO) is called the Gnostic Mass.
The Gnostic Mass was written by Aleister Crowley in 1913
and is technically known as "Liber XV." This
rite may be performed under the supervision of a Priest
or Priestess of Ecclesia Gnostica Catholica (EGC), the
Sacerdotal arm of OTO in accordance with the bylaws of
OTO. There is no specific time or day on which Thelemites
gather to celebrate the Gnostic Mass, however, it is desirable
that it be performed weekly whenever possible. As well
as congregating to celebrate the Gnostic Mass, most Thelemic
communities gather regularly for participation in study
groups on a wide variety of subjects. Within the broad
context of Thelema, OTO functions as a fraternal, initiatory,
social, and educational organization of a religious nature.
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OTO currently
operates in 17 countries around the world and has approximately
3,100 active members. (spiritual.com.au - Editors
note: Not sure how the author could have arrived at
this figure?)
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Generally speaking, the Thelemic Holy Days are celebrated
with the performance of the Gnostic Mass followed by a
community Feast.
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